Firewall is a network security device, either hardware or software based, which monitors all incoming and outgoing traffic and based on defined set of security rules it accept, reject or drop that specific traffic. A Firewall is a type of cybersecurity tool that is used to filter traffic on a network. Firewalls can be used to separate network nodes from external traffic sources, internal traffic sources, or even specific applications. The primary goal of a firewall is to block malicious traffic requests and data packets while allowing legitimate traffic through.
The Internet is really one large network, which includes your computer. A firewall protects your computer by acting as a gate through which both all data must pass. By blocking certain kinds of traffic, the firewall protects your computer or network from unauthorized users and safeguards your data from attack.
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Packet Filtering: Firewalls filter packets that attempt to enter or leave a network and either accept or reject them depending on the predefined set of filter rules.
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Application Gateway: The application gateway technique employs security methods applied to certain applications such as Telnet and File Transfer Protocol servers.
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Circuit-Level Gateway: A circuit-level gateway applies these methods when a connection such as Transmission Control Protocol is established and packets start to move.
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Proxy Servers: Proxy servers can mask real network addresses and intercept every message that enters or leaves a network.
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Stateful Inspection or Dynamic Packet Filtering: This method compares not just the header information, but also a packet’s most important inbound and outbound data parts. These are then compared to a trusted information database for characteristic matches. This determines whether the information is authorized to cross the firewall into the network.
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